The concept of childism is, in this chapter, used primarily as a theoretical approach to analyse adult resistance against the realisation of children’s rights. Childism can help us to understand children’s exposure to negative prejudices, attitudes and discriminatory structures in society. This chapter argues, that in order to address discrimination against children on a systemic level, a critical approach in child rights studies on negative beliefs against children is needed to illuminate prejudice ingrained in the ways in which policies and laws are formulated on a structural level. By studying discourses that lead to abuse of children we may better understand underlying reasons to the challenges facing a respect for children’s rights internationally. Reasons and arguments given for why children are denied basic rights and freedoms can be systematically examined over time by addressing how adult’s prejudice about children lead to age-based discrimination against children. These intersectional understandings of subordination may inform affirmative policy needed for realising the rights of the child. The chapter calls for further empirical studies that interrelate violations of children’s rights with different overlapping forms of prejudice and discrimination against children.